Bug eyes inspire University of Colorado engineer

The experimental digital camera created by a team of researchers, including CU-Boulder's Jianliang Xiao, was modeled after the eyes of arthropods. It uses a large array of tiny lenses and mini detectors to take extremely wide-angle photos with nearly infinite depth of field. Courtesy University of Colorado-Boulder

Business Report Staff
BOULDER — By mimicking the bulging, bowl-shaped eyes possessed by dragonflies, praying mantises, houseflies and other insects, a team of researchers that includes a University of Colorado-Boulder engineer has built an experimental digital camera that can take exceptionally wide-angle photos without distorting the image.

To create the innovative camera, which also allows for a practically infinite depth of field, the scientists used stretchable electronics and a pliable sheet of microlenses made from a material similar to that used for contact lenses. The researchers described the camera in an article published Wednesday in the journal Nature.

Conventional wide-angle lenses, such as fisheyes, distort the images they capture at the periphery, a consequence of the mismatch of light passing through a hemispherically curved surface of the lens only to be captured by the flat surface of the electronic detector.

For the digital camera described in the new study, the researchers were able to create an electronic detector that can be curved into the same hemispherical shape as the lens, eliminating the distortion.

"The most important and most revolutionizing part of this camera is to bend electronics onto a curved surface," said Jianliang Xiao, assistant professor of mechanical engineering at CU-Boulder and co-lead author of the study. "Electronics are all made of silicon, mostly, and silicon is very brittle, so you can't deform the silicon. Here, by using stretchable electronics we can deform the system; we can put it onto a curved surface."

The new paper demonstrates that stretchable electronics can be used as the foundation for a distortion-free camera, but commercial production of such a camera may still be years away, Xiao said.

Creating a camera inspired by the compound eyes of arthropods — animals with exoskeletons and jointed legs, including all insects as well as scorpions, spiders, lobsters and centipedes, among other creatures — has been a sought-after goal. Compound eyes typically have a lower resolution than the eyes of mammals, but they give arthropods a much larger field of view than mammalian eyes as well as high sensitivity to motion and an infinite depth of field.

Compound eyes consist of a collection of smaller eyes called ommatidia, and each small eye is made up of an independent corneal lens as well as a crystalline cone, which captures the light traveling through the lens.